Decarbonization Factors

Abstract
In the face of accelerating climate change, investors are making capital allocations seeking to decarbonize portfolios by reducing the carbon emissions of their holdings. To understand the performance of portfolio decarbonization strategies and investor behavior towards decarbonization we construct decarbonization factors that go long low carbon intensity sectors, industries, or firms and short high carbon intensity. We consider several portfolio formation strategies and find strategies that lowered carbon emissions more aggressively performed better. Decarbonization factor returns are associated with contemporaneous institutional flows into the factors. Buying decarbonization factors when coincident flows are positive while selling when they are negative produces significantly positive alphas. Combining decarbonization factors that have positive contemporaneous flows would provide investors with significantly superior returns and continuous exposure to low carbon portfolios. The results are more pronounced in Europe relative to the US. Our results suggest that institutional investor flows contain information about anticipated fundamentals related to climate change developments.

The Sustainability Business Case: Changing the Conversation between Companies and Investors

Companies and investors are increasingly engaging on sustainability. The recent moves on climate issues made by Royal Dutch Shell, Glencore, and BP show how investor pressure (and in particular the Climate Action 100+ investor group) is helping shape corporate behavior. Last month, for the first time in its 30-year history, the nonprofit sustainability organization Ceres